ERIR vs Iberclear: DLT register versus the traditional register
Differences between the ERIR (tokenised securities on DLT) and Iberclear (CSD, book entries): function, scope and liability.
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Blockchain and Web3
Digital asset custody: who may safekeep tokenised securities
Differences between crypto-asset custody (CASP/MiCA) and tokenised financial instruments: authorised entities, ERIR, DORA.
How to tokenise an investment fund in Spain
What it takes to tokenise a fund in Spain: the role of the SGIIC and depositary, ERIR and DLT registration, with real CNMV cases.
MiCA: the 1 July 2026 deadline and the CASP transitional regime in Spain
Since 1 July 2026 only providers authorised by the CNMV or passported from another EU state may operate in Spain. A pending application does not extend it.
Law 6/2023 (LMVSI) and securities tokenisation: what the rules say
What the LMVSI says about tokenising securities: DLT registry, issuance document and the ERIR. Still MiFID II instruments, not MiCA.
Tax: security token vs cryptocurrency, not taxed alike
Why a security token is taxed as a security and a cryptocurrency as a crypto-asset: differences in income tax, withholding and reporting.
MiCA vs MiFID II: which regulation applies to your token
MiCA or MiFID II? How to tell which regulation applies to your token in Spain: security token, crypto-asset, ART or EMT.
How security tokens are taxed in Spain (Personal Income Tax)
Taxation of security tokens under Spanish Personal Income Tax: investment income, capital gains, the savings base and Modelo 721.
How to build trust in investors in tokenization projects
We analyze how to go from curious investor to investor committed to tokenization projects, through transparency and communication.
Private, public and secondary market sales in tokenization
We analyze how token sales strategies change between private sale, public sale and secondary market, with a focus on pricing.
Build community before issuing tokens
Learn why building community before launching a token is critical in Web3. Difference between audience, community and investors, errors
Sales funnel for security tokens and tokenized assets
Learn how to structure a sales funnel for security tokens and tokenized assets, from cold lead to qualified investor, integrate