Un Smart Contract It's like a automatic digital contract which is fulfilled by itself. You tell him what rules he has (for example, “if you receive the payment, send the product”) and he executes them without anyone having to monitor it or approve anything. It works on blockchain, so it can't be manipulated and everything is recorded.

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Un Smart Contract It's a stand-alone, self-executing computer program deployed on a blockchain network, which executes predefined instructions in a way deterministic, transparent and immutable when certain conditions are met. These contracts replace the need for traditional intermediaries (notaries, banks, platforms) by ensuring that agreements between parties are enforced without human intervention and with maximum traceability.

The code of a smart contract:

• It is written in specific languages such as Solidity (EVM), Rust (Solana/NEAR), Move (Sui/Aptos).
• It is deployed on a public or private blockchain through a transaction.
• It allows you to execute functions such as token transfers, logical validations, issuance of NFTs, votes, auctions or financial flows.
• It uses a model of shared global status, where each execution can modify balance sheets, issue events or interact with other contracts.

Key Features:

• Immutability: once deployed, it cannot be modified (unless programmed with update logic).
• Decentralization: its execution is validated by the entire network.
• Transparency: The code and interactions are public.
• Automation: responds automatically to defined actions, without permissions or external intervention.
• Cryptographic security: any execution is signed and recorded.

Use cases:

• DeFi: loans, exchanges, stablecoins, derivatives.
• NFTs: creation, transfer, royalties.
• DAOs: decentralized governance, on-chain voting.
• Tokenization: legal or financial representation of real assets.
• Digital identity: verification, authentication and permissions.
• Gaming: reward mechanics, in-game economy, digital property.

Its correct design requires rigorous testing, error control and professional audits, since a vulnerability in a smart contract can cause irreversible losses, given the immutability of the blockchain environment.

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