La EVM it's like the brain of Ethereum. It is a virtual computer that is responsible for reading and executing the programs that developers write in Solidity (smart contracts). Every time someone interacts with the blockchain, the EVM ensures that everything works properly and securely, without anyone being able to cheat or change the rules.

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La Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) It's a complete decentralized, sandboxed and Turing execution environment, designed to process, validate and execute the Bytecode of the smart contracts deployed on the Ethereum network and any blockchain compatible with its architecture (EVM-compatible chains). It works identically on each participating node in the network, ensuring that any operation executed on the blockchain will have the same result, no matter on which node it is processed, thus preserving the principle of determinism and immutability.

The EVM executes instructions compiled from high-level languages such as Solidity or Yul, and interprets opcodes (low-level operating code) using an execution stack and a limited set of computational resources, known as gas. This gas serves as a cost unit to measure the computational effort of each operation and prevent denial of service attacks.

In addition, the EVM is designed to provide total isolation: each contract operates in its own context, without direct access to the memory or storage of other contracts, reinforcing system security. The deployed contracts can interact with each other through internal calls (Call, Delegate Call) or external, allowing for the construction of modular, interoperable and self-executing contract ecosystems.

The standardization of EVM has allowed many other blockchains to adopt its logic and compatibility (such as Polygon, BNB Chain, Avalanche C-Chain, Arbitrum, Optimism, etc.), making EVM the technical core of the Web3 ecosystem. Its operation is complemented by tools such as Hardhat, Ganache, Remix and Foundry, which allow contracts to be simulated, deployed, tested and audited in controlled environments before launching them into production.

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